Section 1: Things to Do
Read the text below and answer Questions 1-7
A. TRAX INDOOR KARTING CENTRE
Experience the fun and thrills of indoor racing driving in our mini open-topped karts. No experience
necessary.
Individuals and groups welcome. Refreshments available in new burger bar. Spectators welcome.
All drivers must meet the minimum height requirement of 5 feet (1.52 m), and participate at their own
risk.
Open: all year daily 10 am to 6 pm (later times by appointment) except Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, Boxing Day and New Year's Day.
Charges: from £11 per person.
B. WESTHAVEN LIFEBOAT MUSEUM
The Westhaven Lifeboat Museum is an exciting display illustrating over 150 years of courage ‐
photos with texts of epic rescues, models of lifeboats and video displays. Try our hands-on simulator
‐ take charge of a daring rescue on a stormy sea. Ideal for school groups!
A must for all ages. Souvenir shop. No charge for admission but donations welcome.
Open: 25th March to 26th October, 10 am to 5 pm.
27th October to 2nd January, 10 am to 4 pm.
C. STAR LEISURE CENTRE
Exciting leisure complex with four pools, wave machine, two thrilling flumes, bubble pool, fitness
suite, special
programme for under-fives, organised holiday activities and much, much more.
Open: all year daily.
Charges: Check our website at www.starleisute.co.uk for current rates.
D. LLOYD'S LANES
20 fully computerised ten-pin bowling lanes, amusement area, fast food area, large-screen Sky TV
‐ Lloyd's
Lanes is ideal for a whole fun day out!
Open:ten-pin bowling daily, 10 am till late ‐ 7 days a week.
Charges:Monday to Friday 10 am to 6 pm: non-members £3.50; members £2.50.
Other times:non-members £4.50; members £3.75.
appropriate footgear essential to protect bowling surfaces shoe hire £.00 at all times.
E. WESTHAVEN GOLF CLUB
Beautiful lakeside course; a pleasant, manageable walk through nine challenging holes. 24-bay driving
range,
suitable in rain, wind or sun; three golf professionals can give affordable coaching.
Restaurant: good food served all day. Visitors welcome.
Open:all year from 7.30 am to 10 pm.
Charges:9 holes £10; 18 holes £15.
Section 2: DO YOU HAVE A MUSIC PROJECT IN MIND THAT MIGHT BENEFIT FROM FUNDING?
Read the text below and answer Questions 8-14.
Music is wonderfully therapeutic! This is recognised by The Dosoco Foundation, which supports local projects that use music for social good.
The next round of Dosoco grant funding will shortly be open for applications. Grants are available from £700 to £1,000 (for organisations) and up to £300 (for individuals) in the areas of music education (e.g. working with a talented music student with either physical, social or learning disabilities), music access (e.g. a music club for groups that might struggle to start something on their own), music innovation (e.g. using an electronic device such as Raspberry Pi to help disabled people make music) and music therapy (e.g. an idea for using music to support positive mental health).
Case study
Dosoco recently awarded a grant to Alexia Sloane, a young composer with sight loss, to enable her to
attend the
sound-and-music summer-school composition course at the Purcell School. Alexia has since gained a
place as a
composer with the National Youth Orchestra of Great Britain ‐ the first blind composer to be
appointed
‐ and has also been awarded the title of Young Composer of the Year. She was the first female
composer
ever to receive this honour in its ten-year history.
Organisations, families and individuals can apply by completing a simple form. Dosoco can contribute
up to 50%
towards project costs. Projects must be locally based and must be new ideas for using music to make a
positive
impact on people's lives where help is really needed.
For more information, please visit www.thedosocofoundation.org.
SECTION 3: What is workplace monitoring?
Read the text below and answer Questions 15-20.
Employers have the right to monitor your activities in many situations at work. For example, your
activities
may be recorded on CCTV cameras, and your letters may be opened and read.
In addition, your employer may use an automated software programme to check the emails you receive at
work.
Phone calls may be listened to and recorded, and the log of websites you use may be checked.
All of these forms of monitoring are covered by data protection law. Data protection law doesn't
prevent
monitoring in the workplace. However, it does set down rules about the circumstances and the way in
which
monitoring should be carried out.
Before deciding whether to introduce monitoring, your employer should identify any negative effects
the
monitoring may have on staff. This is called impact assessment.
Monitoring electronic communications at work
Your employer can legally monitor your use of electronic communications in the workplace if the monitoring relates to the business and the equipment being monitored is provided partly or wholly for work.Except in extremely limited circumstances, employers must take reasonable steps to let staff know that monitoring is happening, what is being monitored and why it is necessary.
As long as your employer sticks to these rules, they don't need to get your consent before they monitor your electronic communications, but only if the monitoring is for specific reasons.
These may be to establish facts which are relevant to the business or to check standards, for example, listening in to phone calls to assess the quality of your work. Monitoring is also allowed if its purpose is to prevent or detect crime. It may be necessary to make sure electronic systems are operating effectively, for example, to prevent computer viruses entering the system.
Your employer is also allowed to listen in to any calls you make to confidential helplines, but in this case, he or she is not allowed to record these calls.
Section 4: International Experience Canada: application process
Read the text below and answer Questions 21-27.
If you want to travel and work temporarily in Canada as part of International Experience Canada (IEC),
your first step is to become a candidate in one or more IEC pools. There are three categories of pool:
International Co-op (Internship), Working Holiday and Young Professionals.
To apply, first use our questionnaire to see if you meet the criteria to get into the IEC pools.
This should take you about ten minutes. You can find it at www.cic.gc.ca/ctc-vac/cometocanada.asp.
After
completing this, if you are eligible, you will be sent a personal reference code, which you should use
to
create your online account. At the same time, you should fill in any remaining fields in your profile
with
the required information, including which IEC pools you want to be in. (Some parts will already have
been completed for you.)
If you are sent an invitation to proceed with your application, you will have 10 days to decide
whether to accept this
or not. If you accept, click the 'Start Application' button. You then have 20 days to complete
your application.
For International Co-op and Young Professionals categories, your employer in Canada must pay the
compliance fee and
inform you of your offer of employment number. (This does not apply to the Working Holiday pool.)
Once you have received this, you should then upload copies of police and medical certificates, if
required. If you do
not have these, you should upload proof that you have applied for them.
You should then pay your participation fee of C$126 online by credit card. (There is an additional payment of C$100 if you are applying for the Working Holiday category.)
Your application will then be assessed. You can apply to withdraw at this stage and will be given a refund if you do this within 56 days. If your application is successful, you will receive a letter of introduction which you can show to Immigration when you enter Canada.
Section 5:Research on improving agricultural yields in Africa
Three programmes are investigating ways of improving agricultural productivity in Africa.
Read the text below and answer Questions 28-40.
More than half of the global population growth between now and 2050 is expected to occur in Africa.
And more people
means a requirement for more food.
Ethiopia, for example, has the largest livestock population in Africa but with a growing population,
even its 53
million cattle are not enough. And now efforts to develop farming there are bringing a significant
health concern.
Professor James Wood from the University of Cambridge explains that new breeds that are being
introduced are more
vulnerable to bovine TB (tuberculosis) than the zebu cattle which were previously reared there. 'This
may have
health impliations for those who work with and live alongside infected cattle, and also raises
concerns about
transmission to areas which previously had low levels of TB,' he warns.
Wood leads a research programme which is looking at the feasibility of control strategies, including
cattle vaccination.
The programme brings together veterinary scientists, epidemiologists, geneticists, immunologists, and
social scientists
in eight Ethiopian and UK institutions. 'We need this mix because we are not only asking how effective
strategies will be,
but also whether farners will accept them, and what the consequenes are for prosperity and wellbeing,'
says Wood.
The impact that increasing productivity can have on farmers' livelihoods is not lost on an insect
expert at the University of
Ghana, Dr Ken Fening, who is working on another food-related research project. Cabbages are not
indigenous to Africa but have
become a major cash crop for Ghanaian farmers and an important source of income for traders from
markets and hotels.
'A good crop can bring in money to buy fertilizers and farm equipment, and also help to pay for
healthcare and education
for the family,' he says.
Recently, however, fields of stunted, yellowing cabbages, their leaves curled and dotted with mould,
have become a familiar
and devastating sight for the farmers of Ghana. From his field station base in Kpong, Ghana, Fening
works closely with
smallholder farmers on pest-control strategies. Two years ago, they started reporting that a new
disease was attacking
their crops. 'It seemed to be associated with massive infestations of pink and green aphids*,' says
Fening, 'and from
my studies of the way insects interact with many different vegetables, I'm familiar with the type of
damage they
can cause.'
(*aphide: small insects which feed by sucking liquid from plants)
But farmers were typically seeing the total loss of their crops, and he realised that the devastation
couldn't just be
caused by sap-sucking insects. Despite no previous reports of viral diseases affecting cabbage crops
in Ghana, the
symptoms suggested a viral pathogen.
Together with Cambridge plant biologist Dr John Carr, Fening collected samples of cabbage plants in
Ghana showing signs
of disease, and also aphides on the diseased plants. Back in Cambridge, Fening used screening
techniques including a type
of DNA 'fingerprinting' to identify the aphid species, and sophisticated molecular biology methods to
try to identify the
offending virus.
'Aphids are a common carrier of plant-infecting viruses,' explains Carr. 'The "usual suspects" are
turnip mosaic virus and
cauliflower mosaic virus, which affect cabbages in Europe and the US.'
'We found that two different species of aphids, pink and green, were generally found on the diseased
cabbages,' says
Fening. 'It turned out this was the first record of the green aphid species ever being seen in Ghana,'
The pink
aphid was identified as Myzus persicae (Sulzer).
What's more, the virus was not what they expected, and work is now ongoing to identify the culprit.
The sooner it can be
characterised, the sooner sustainable crop protection strategies can be developed to prevent further
spread of the
disease not only in Ghana, but also in other countries in the region.
Another researcher who hopes that eradication strategies will be the outcome of her research project
is Dr Theresa
Manful. Like Fening, she is a researcher at the University of Ghana. She has been working with
Cambridge biochemist
Professor Mark Carrington on a disease known as trypanosomiasis.
'This is a major constraint to cattle rearing in Africa,' she explains. 'Although trypanosomiasis is
also a disease of humans,
the number of cases is low, and the more serious concerns about the disease relate to the economic
impact on agricultural
production.'
The parasite that causes the disease is carried out by the tsetse fly, which colonises vast swathes of
sub-Saharan Africa.
Carrington says that a lot is now known about the parasite's molecular mechanisms, in particular the
way it evades the
immune system of the animal acting as its host by altering the proteins in its coat so as to remain
'invisible'. 'But
then when you look at the effect on large animals, you realise that there is almost nothing known
about the dynamics of an
infection, and even whether an infection acquired at an early age persists for its lifetime,' he says.
So Manful and Carrington
set about testing cattle in Ghana. They discovered that nearly all were infected most of the time.
For Manful, one of the important gains has been the ability to expand the research in Ghana.
'I now have a fully functional lab and can do DNA extraction and analysis in Ghana - I don't have to
bring
samples to Cambridge. We are teaching students from five Ghanaian institutions the diagnostics
methods.'
'Agriculture faces increasing challenges,' adds Carr. 'Bioscience is playing a crucial part in
developing ways to
mitigate pest impact and reduce the spread of parasites. We want to ensure not only that every harvest
is successful,
but also that it's maximally successful.'
Questions 1-7
Look at the five online reviews of the Wellington Hotel, A-E. Which review mentions the following?
Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.